The Taliban, who returned to power six months ago, insist they will allow girls and women to be educated this time around – but only in segregated classes and according to an Islamic curriculum.
After laying down their arms, a number of former soldiers with the Northern Alliance became involved in the only opportunity to make a living in the region: emerald mining.
In an exclusive interview with TRT World, Ahmad Wali Massoud shares his thoughts on the staying power of the Taliban-led Islamic Emirate, the future of the resistance, and what the US and Britain both got wrong.
Human rights report accuses Taliban of several rights violations ranging from limits on press freedom to restrictions on women.
From a pending humanitarian crisis to attacks on Afghan journalists, a myriad of ongoing developments in Afghanistan cannot be ignored.
Anti-Taliban forces holed up in northern Panjshir Valley have been defeated and the area is under "complete control" of Taliban, says group spokesperson Zabihullah Mujahid.
The statement from Massoud, head of the National Resistance Front of Afghanistan, came after Taliban forces said they had fought their way into the provincial capital of Panjshir Valley in Afghanistan's north.
Districts of Khinj and Unabah have been taken from so-called National Resistance Front, a Taliban spokesperson says, giving Afghanistan's new rulers control of four of province's seven districts.
The Taliban is still battling to extinguish the last flame of resistance in the Panjshir Valley, as rumours spread the valley had fallen but no official claim has been made by the group.
A spokesperson for National Resistance Forces, a group loyal to Ahmad Massoud, says fighting occurred on the western entrance to the valley where the Taliban attacked NRF positions.
Ahmad Massoud – leader of anti-Taliban National Resistance Front – warns war will be "unavoidable" if Afghanistan's new rulers refuse dialogue. Meanwhile, Taliban sends "hundreds" of fighters to holdout valley.
Key politicians with background of anti-Taliban or anti-Soviet resistance are converging in their areas of influence to mobilise forces for a likely face-off with the marching Taliban. But rights groups fear such militias could become abusive force.
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