Lack of or belated official recognition marked Muslim contribution to the Soviet war effort, even though it was an ethnic Kazakh soldier, Rakhimzhan Qoshkarbaev who was the first to raise former USSR’s flag at the German parliament building.
A rise in right-wing nationalism across the European Union has resulted in increased hardship for many Syrian refugees. Seven years after fleeing the war in Syria many struggle to build their lives in a hostile anti-Muslim environment.